Overview
The York massacre of 1190 culminated on March 16, when an estimated 150 members of York’s Jewish community were trapped in the timber tower of York Castle, on the site now occupied by Clifford’s Tower.
Between 20 and 40 Jewish families had sought refuge there amid escalating anti-Jewish violence. After relations with royal officials deteriorated, troops were summoned to retake the tower and were joined by a mob encouraged by anti-Jewish preachers and local people who owed money to Jewish lenders. Realizing they could not withstand the attackers, many of those inside chose to commit suicide.
The massacre occurred during Shabbat Hagadol, the Sabbath preceding Passover, and remains one of the most significant episodes of anti-Jewish violence in medieval England.
Quick Facts
- Date
- March 16, 1190
